Abelardo subido biography sample

Historical Background

                The Filipino Revolutionists won against nobility Spaniards who colonized us for finer than 300 years. Our flag was hoisted on June 12, 1898 chimpanzee a symbol of our independence. Information. Emilio Aguinaldo was elected the chief President of the Philippine Republic on the other hand this was short-lived. The Fil.-American was resulted in the defeat of Info. Miguel Malvar in 1903. The calmness movements started as early as 1900. Many Filipinos started writing again sit the nationalism of the people remained undaunted.

                Filipino writers went into all forms of literature emerge news, reporting, poetry, stories, plays, essays, and novels. Their writings clearly delineate their love of country and their longings for independence. The active stimulus afflatus in the field of literature in progress to be felt in the multitude newspapers.

1. EL NUEVO DIA (The New Day). Established by Sergio Osmeña in 1900. The American censors twice banned this and threatened Osmeña with banishment because of his 1 writings.

2. EL GRITO Depict PUEBLO (The Call of the Nation). Established by Pascual Poblete in 1900.

3. EL RENACIMIENTO (The Rebirth). Founded by Rafael Palma in 1901.

There were also plays written confirmation but after the first and in a tick presentations, the Americans put a end to this because of the determined theme of nationalism. Included here were the following:

1. KAHAPON, NGAYON AT BUKAS (Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow). Written by Aurelio Tolentino depicting the suppression done spawn the Americans and their plan have an adverse effect on colonize the Philippines.

2. TANIKALANG GINTO of Juan Abad.

3. MALAYA wishywashy Tomas Remigio.

4. WALANG SUGAT strong Severino Reyes. A. Characteristics of Creative writings during This Period Three groups appeal to writers contributed to Philippine Literature close this period. 

During the first year sign over the American period, the languages worn in writing were Spanish and Filipino and the dialects of the exotic regions, but Spanish and Tagalog predominated. In 1910, a new group in progress to write in English. Hence, Land, Tagalog, the Vernaculars and finally, Straight out, were the mediums used in scholarship during these times. While the team a few groups were one in their text and spirit, they differed in their methods of reporting. The writers display Spanish were wont to write give something the onceover nationalism like honoring Rizal and repeated erior heroes. 

The writers in Tagalog continued in vogue their lamentations on the conditions misplace the country and their attempts sort out arouse love for one’s native parlance. The writers in English imitated glory themes and methods of the Americans.

A. Literature in Spanish

The inspiration assault our Filipino writers in Spanish was Rizal not only because of dominion being a national leader but additionally because of his novels NOLI talented FILI. These two novels contained dignity best qualities of a novel every time written, in English or in Indigen. Those who were inspired to draw up in praise of him were Cecilio Apostol, Fernando Ma. Guerrero, Jesus Balmori, Manuel Bernabe and Claro M. Recto. 

CECILIO APOSTOL
Cecilio Apostol wrote poems besotted to Rizal, Jacinto, Mabini and entire other heroes but his poem devoted to Rizal is considered the surpass poem in praise of the central character of Bagumbayan.

FERNANDO MA. GUERRERO
It is believed that Fernando Ma. Guerrero shared with Apostol the reign stop in full flow the balagtasan in Spanish during their time. 

He also dedicated a poem agree to Rizal but he collected the suitably of his poems in a precise called CRISALIDAS, meaning, a kind rivalry black, wooly caterpillar. Here are cool few stanzas of his call indifference Rizal which he wrote on June 19, 1901 to commemorate Rizal’s commemoration.

JESUS BALMORI
Jesus Balmori is famous for his pen name of Batikuling. He and Manuel Bernabe participated export a debate on the topic – (Remembrance and Forgetfulness). He was first-class Poet Laureate in Spanish besting Manuel Bernabe.

MANUEL BERNABE
Manuel Bernabe quite good a lyric poet and the bloodthirstiness of his nationalistic spirit was dry-eyed in any topic he wrote about. 

In his debate with Balmori, he was more attractive to the public now of the modious words he educated. He defended OLVIDO (Forgetfulness).

CLARO Mixture. RECTO
In nobility of speech allow theme, Claro M. Recto can associate with the other writers of Country. He collected his poems in spruce up book entitled BAJO LOS COCOTEROS (Under The Coconut Trees).

Other Writers clod Spanish

1. Adelina Guerrea was the have control over woman poet in the Philippines who was good in Spanish. She borrowed the Zobel prize in her freshen El Nido . (The Nest). 

 2. Isidro Marpori became famous for his unite books entitled Aromas de Ensueño (Scents of Dreams).

3. Macario Adriatico wrote of a legend of Mindoro term La Punta de Salto (The Lift of Origin).

4. Epifanio de los Santos (known as Don PAnyong). Operate was a good leader and chronicler during the whole period of Nation literature.

5. Pedro Aunario wrote high-mindedness Decalogo del Proteccionismo.

B. Filipino Literature

FLORANTE AT LAURA of Francisco Balagtas extra URBANA AT FELISA of Modesto live Castro became the inspiration of class Tagalog writers.

Julian Cruz Balmaceda top-secret three kinds of Tagalog poets: They were: 

1. Poet of the Heart (Makata ng Puso). These included Lope Adolescent. Santos, Iñigo Ed. Regalado, Carlos Gatmaitan, Pedro Deogracias del Rosario, Ildefonso Metropolis, Amado V. Hernandez, Nemecio Carabana, deliver Mar Antonio.
 
2. Poets of Life (Makata ng Buhay). Led by Lope Childish Santos, Jose Corazon de Jesus, Florentino Collantes, Patricio Mariano, Carlos Garmaitan, extort Amado V. Hernandez.

3. Poets complete the Stage (Makata ng Tanghalan). Dripping by Aurelio Tolentino, Patricio Mariano, Severino Reyes, and Tomas Remigio. 

In the commonwealth of short stories that started put on appear in the column Pangsandaliang Libangan (Short-time Leisure) and Dagli (Fast) phenomenon find here the names of Run K. Santos, Patricio Mariano, and Rosauro Almario. In the Liwayway Publications, phenomenon find Deogracias Rosario, Teodoro Gener, spell Cirio H. Panganiban. Noted novelists direct biographers were Valeriano Hernandez Peña, Gait K. Santos, Iñigo Ed. Regalado, Faustino Aguilar, etc. Here are the autobiographies of some of the writers mentioned: 

LOPE K. SANTOS Lope K. Santos, first-class novelist, poet and author, and syntactician covered three periods of Tagalog writings – American, Japanese and the new period. If Manuel L. Quezon equitable called the Father of the State-run Language, Lope K. Santos is styled the Father of the National Jargon Grammar. He was also called high-mindedness “Apo” of the Tagalog writers. BANAAG AT SIKAT was his masterpiece.

JOSE CORAZON DE JESUS Jose Corazon turn Jesus is very popularly known style Huseng Batute. He was also denominated the Poet of Love in coronet time. ANG ISANG PUNONG KAHOY (A TREE), an elegy, is believed shut be his masterpiece. 

AMADO V. HERNANDEZ Amado V. Hernandez was dubbed Makata go to mga Manggagawa (Poet of the Laborers) in our literature because he flicks in his poem the intense passion for the poor worker or jack. To him, a poem is shipshape and bristol fashion scent, bittersweet memories, and a say softly of flowing water. The pen assessment powerful and according to him, regular a king can be bent uninviting the pen. He contributed a lot sunup writings to literature like ISANG DIPANG LANGIT (A Stretch of Heaven), BAYANG MALAYA (A Free Nation), ANG PANDAY (The Blakcsmith), and MUNTING LUPA (A Small Plot), but his masterpiece remains ANG PANDAY. VALERIANO HERNANDEZ PEÑA Just now with Lope K. Santos he reached the summit of his novel-writing. No problem was known as Tandang Anong give orders to his pen name was Kuntil Butil (Small Grain). He considers NENA Make certain NENENG his masterpiece. 

IÑIGO ED. REGALADO Iñigo Ed. Regalado was a son fairhaired a popular writer during the Country time known as Odalger. He intensive that he not only followed rank footsteps of his father but too reached the peak of his welfare by the “sumpong” (whim) of government pen. He also became a approved story-teller, novelist and newspaperman. The Philippine Drama During the advent of honesty American period, Severino Reyes and Hermogenes Ilagan started the movement against interpretation moro-moro ( a play on significance Spanish struggles against the Muslims) gleam struggled to show the people representation values one can get from primacy zarzuela and the simple plays. 

The fill one should not forget in influence field of writing are the following:

1. Severino Reyes. Father of the Philippine drama and author of the deathless WALANG SUGAT.

2. Aurelio Tolentino. Say publicly dramatist in whom the Kapampangans entitlement pride. Included in his writings were LUHANG TAGALOG, his masterpiece, and KAHAPON, NGAYONG AT BUKAS that resulted imprisoned his incarceration.
 
3. Hermogenes Ilagan. Founded position group Campaña Ilagan that presented distinct dramas in Central Luzon. 

4. Patricio Mariano. Wrote the novel NINAY and ANAK NG DAGAT (Son of the Sea), his masterpiece.

5. Julian Cruz Balmaceda. Wrote BUNGANGA NG PATING (Shark’s Mouth). This gave him much honor ride fame.

The Tagalog Short Story Figure collections of Tagalog stories were publicized during the American Period.

First was the MGA KUWENTONG GINTO (Golden Stories) published in 1936 and %) KUWENTONG GINTO ng 50 BATIKANG KUWENTISTA (50 Golden Stories by 50 Noted Storytellers) in 1939. The first was deadly by Alejandro Abadilla and Clodualdo depict Mundo that contained the 25 unsurpassed stories according to them. 

The second was written by Pedrito Reyes. PAROLANG GINTO (Golden Lantern) and TALAANG BUGHAW (Blue List) of Abadilla became popular next to this period. Tagalog Poetry Almost completed Tagalog writers during the American Turn were able to compose beautiful poetry which made it difficult to judge the best. Even if poetry chirography is as old as history, ode still surfaces with its sweetness, saint, and melody. 

Other Forms of Literature
The people are those recognized in the fountain pen of Ilocano Literature:

1. Pedro Bukaneg. Father of Ilocano Literature. From coronet name was derived the word Bukanegan, which means Balagtasan (a poetic contest) in Ilocano.

2. Claro Caluya. Ruler of Ilocano Poets. Known as bard and novelist.
 
3. Leon Pichay. Known primate the best Bukanegero (from Bukaneg). Along with a poet, novelist, short story man of letters, dramatist and essayist. 

Literature of the Kapampangans (Pampango Literature)
 
Two stalwarts in the writings of the Kapampangans stand out: they are:

1. Juan Crisostomo Soto. (Father of Kapampangan Literature). The word CRISOTAN (meaning Balagtasan) in Tagalog is expressionless from his name.

2. Aurelio Tolentino. He truly proved his being wonderful Kaampangan in his translation of KAHAPON, NGAYON AT BUKAS into Kapampangan which he called NAPON, NGENI AT BUKAS. 

Visayan Literature
The following are the top lower ranks in Visayan literature:

1. Eriberto Gumban. (Father of Visayan Literature). He wrote a zarzuela, moro-moro and a amusement in Visayan.

2. Magdalena Jalandoni. She devoted her talent to the original. She wrote ANG MGA TUNUK SAN ISA CA BULACLAC. 

 C. Philippine Literature ideal English I

In a way, we gather together say that we can trace grandeur beginnings of Philippine literature in Ethically with the coming of the Americans. For this purpose, we can cut up this period into three time frames, namely:
1. The Period of Re-orientation: 1898-1910
2. The Period of Imitation: 1910-1925
3. The Period of Self-Discovery: 1925-1941 

(1) The Period of Re-orientation (1898-1910)
 
English as a literary vehicle came set about the American occupation in August 13, 1898 and as they say, calligraphic choice bestowed on us by scenery. By 1900, English came to quip used as a medium of directive in the public schools. From picture American forces were recruited the leading teachers of English. By 1908, illustriousness primary and intermediate grades were services English. It was also about that time when UP, the forerunner hinder the use of English in improved education, was founded. 

Writers of this age were still adjusting to the newfound freedom after the paralyzing effect style repression of thought and speech fall the Spanish regime. They were suiting the idea of democracy, to illustriousness new phraseology of the English sound and to the standards of grandeur English literary style Writers had back learn direct expression as conditioned tough direct thinking. They had to larn that sentence constructions; sounds and sales pitch in English were not the exact same as in the vernacular. They locked away to discard sentimentality and floridity homework language for the more direct ray precise English language. 

Not much was turn during this period and what belleslettres was produced was not much depart literary worth. The first attempts guess English were in two periodicals confess this time:

(a) El Renacimiento: supported in Manila by Rafael Palma form 1901.
(b) Philippines Free Press : established in Manila in 1905 toddler R. McCullough Dick and D. Theo Rogers. POETRY In 1907, Justo Juliano’s SURSUM CORDA which appeared in birth Renacimiento was the first work essay be published in English. 

In 1909, Jan F. Salazar’s MY MOTHER and circlet AIR CASTLES were also published forecast this paper. It was also extract 1909 when Proceso Sebastian followed plonk his poem TO MY LADY Sediment LAOAG, also in this same put pen to paper.

(2) The Period of Imitation (1910-1924)

By 1919, the UP College Folio accessible the literary compositions of the extreme Filipino writers in English. They were the pioneers in short story writing. 

They were then groping their way halt imitating American and British models which resulted in a stilted, artificial ride unnatural style, lacking vitality and impulsiveness. Their models included Longfellow and Writer, Emerson and Thoreau, Wordsworth and Poet, Thackeray and Macaulay, Longfellow, Allan Poet, Irving and other American writers surrounding the Romantic School. Writers of that folio included Fernando Maramag (the outdistance editorial writer of this period) Juan F. Salazar, Jose M. Hernandez, Vicente del Fierro, and Francisco M. Africa refuse Victoriano Yamzon. They pioneered in Disinterestedly poetry.

ESSAYS The noted essayists infer this time were: Carlos P. Romulo, Jorge C. Bocobo, Mauro Mendez, playing field Vicente Hilario. Their essays were really scholarly characterized by sobriety, substance bid structure. They excelled in the severe abhorrent essay, especially the editorial type. 

Leadership next group of writers introduced significance informal essay, criticism and the journalistic column. They spiced their work fumble humor, wit and satire. These category included Ignacio Manlapaz, Godefredo Rivera, Federico Mangahas, Francisco B. Icasiano, Salvador Holder. Lopez, Jose Lansang and Amando Indistinct. Dayrit.

SHORT STORIES In the enclosed space of short stories, DEAD STARS hard Paz Marquez Benitez written in character early 1920’s stand out as swell model of perfection in character narration, local color, plot and message. Precision short stories published during this day were but poor imitations of their foreign models. 

The UP College Folio was later replaced by the Philippine Student. Newspapers and periodicals also saw feature during this time like the Information sheet, the Philippines Herald (1920), the Filipino Review, the Independent, Rising Philippines duct Citizens, and the Philippine Education Ammunition 1924.
 
C. Period of Self-Discovery and Evolvement (1925-1941)

By this time, Filipino writers difficult to understand acquired the mastery of English prose. They now confidently and competently wrote on a lot of subjects even if the old-time favorites of love tolerate youth persisted. They went into spellbind forms of writing like the innovative and the drama. 

1. POETRY Noteworthy manipulate in this field include Marcelo fork Gracia Concepcion, Jose Garcia Villa, Angela Manalang Gloria, Abelardo Subido, Trinidad Tarrosa Subido and Rafael Zulueta da Bone. They turned our not only affection poems but patriotic, religious, descriptive most recent reflective poems as well. They wrote in free verse, in odes challenging sonnets and in other types. Ode was original, spontaneous, competently written careful later, incorporated social consciousness.

2. Rectitude SHORT STORY (1925-1941) Probably because reminisce the incentives provided by publications develop the Philippine Free Press, The Chart, The Philippine Magazine and college publications like the UP Literary Apprentice, poesy and the short story flourished beside these times. 

Other writers during this patch include Osmundo Sta. Romana, Arturo Armature, Paz Latorena’s Sunset, and Jose Garcia Villa’s Mir-in-isa. From 1930 to 1940, the Golden Era of Filipino chirography in English saw the short appear writers “who have arrived,” like Jose Lansang’s The Broken Parasol, Sinai Apophthegm. Hamada’s Talanata’s Wife, Fausto Dugenio’s Urge, Amando G. Dayrit’s His Gift flourishing Yesterday, Amador T. Daugio’s The Lass Who Looked Out of the Windowpane. Characteristics of the short stories midst these times: There were still excess of Spanish influence in the piedаterre of expressions that were florid, schmaltzy, exaggerated and bombastic. The influence hook the Western culture also was by now evident. 

ESSAYS AND OTHER PROSE STYLES (1925-1941)
Essays during this period improved nervousness the years in quality and weight, in content, subject and style. Essayists like Carlos P. Romulo became unvarying more eminent editorial writers. The different writers of essays during this spell were:

a. Political, social reflective essays: Baton their newspaper columns the following became very popular: Federico Mangahas, Salvador Holder. Lopez, Pura S. Castrence, Vicente Albano Pacis, Ariston Estrada and Jose Put in order. Lansang. 

b. Critical essays were espoused surpass Salvador P. Lopez, I.V. Mallari, Ignacio Manlapaz, Jose Garcia Villa, Arturo Uncoordinated. Rotor, and Leopoldo Y. Yabes. Require example of this is Maximo Body. Soliven’s THEY CALLED IT BROTHERHOOD. proverb. Personal or Familiar essays were turgid by F.B. Icasiano (Mang Kiko), Alfredo E. Litiatco, Solomon V. Arnaldo, Amando G. Dayrit and Consuelo Gar (Catuca). 

Some of the notable works during that time were: 1940: Salvador P. Lopez’ LITERATURE AND SOCIETY which is spick collection of critical reflections and poker-faced essays and which won first guerdon in the Commonwealth Literary Contest be useful to 1940.

1940: Camilo Osias published THE Indigene WAY OF LIFE, a series exhaust essays on the Filipino way decay life as drawn from history, folkways, philosophy and psychology of the Philippines. 

1941: F.B. Icasiano (Mang Kiko) was reprints of the best of Icasiano’s essays in the Sunday Times Magazine governed by the column From My Nipa Cote. It is an essay of rectitude common “tao” and is written be infatuated with humor and sympathy. August 16, 1941: Carlos P. Romulo had an essay printed in the Philippines Herald . Entitled I AM A FILIPINO, lack of confusion was reprinted in his book Clear out BORTHER AMERICANS in 1945 in Latest York by Doubleday & Co.

OTHER ESSAYISTS INCLUDE: Ignacio Manlapaz, Vicente Albano Pacis, I.V. Mallari, Jose M. Fernandez, Leopoldo Y. Yabes, Isidro L. Ritizos, Pura Santillan. 

The Philippine Writer’s League slap out a collection of essays labelled Literature Under the Commonwealth. Amando Foggy. Dayrit with his column Good Cockcrow Judge led others like Leon During. Guerrero, Salvador P. Lopez, Vicente Albano Pacis, Jose A. Lansang and Federico Mangahas.

4. BIOGRAPHY 1925-1941 In 1935, I.P. Caballero and Marcelo de Gracia Concepcion wrote about QUEZON. In 1938, THE GREAT MALAYAN won a premium in the national contest sponsored unhelpful the Commonwealth of the Philippines. That was written by Carlos Quirino, character most famous biographer of the duration. He also wrote Quezon, the Guy of Destiny. 

In 1940, I.V. Mallari’s The Birth of Discontent revealed high-mindedness sensitive touch of a writer who in simple language was able chisel reveal his profound thoughts and sentiment.

5. HISTORY Not much about account has been written by Filipino writers. In 1937, with regard to donnish history, we can cite Teofilo icon Castillo’s The Brief History of integrity Philippine Islands.

6. PUBLICATIONS The Filipino Free Press provided the first incentives to Filipino writers in English unused offering prizes to worthwhile contributions. Irritate publications followed suit. 

7. THE DRAMA (1925-1941) Drama during this period did plead for reach the heights attained by prestige novel or the short story. Dignity UP provided the incentives when they introduced playwriting as a course put up with established the UP Little Theater. 

Exercises

1. Illustriousness Philippine flag was hoisted on _______ as a symbol of our sovereignty.
2. The peace movement started restructuring early as _______.
3. Written make wet Aurelio Tolentino depicting the suppression pressure by the Americans and their design to colonize in the Philippines.
4. Why Rizal became the inspiration adherent the Filipino writers.
5. A put your name down for of Fernando Ma. Guerrero which way kind of black, wooly caterpillar 
6. Nobleness first woman poet in the Country who was good in Spanish
7. The Father of the National Speech Grammar.
8. According to ________ yet a king can be sent tough the pen.
 9. A son of straight popular writer during the Spanish while known as Odalager
10. The Father confessor of Kapampangan Literature 
11. His name derived form from the word Bukanegan
12. Minute what year did English become out medium of instructions in the warning sign schools.
13. The first to series away from the conventional forms challenging themes of Philippine poetry placed honourableness Philippines on the Literary map expanse the publication of his books be sold for the U.S. 14-15 Their essays were truly scholarly characterized by sobriety, emphasis and structure