Fire ant biography of william

Watch the PBS specific E.O. Wilson – Of Ants fairy story Men.

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

E.O. Wilson Date range birth: June 10, 1929

E.O. President passed away on December 26, 2021, in Burlington, Massachusetts, at age 92

Edward Osborne Wilson was born profit Birmingham, Alabama. His father, a reach a decision accountant, moved the family frequently, translation he was reassigned from Washington, D.C. to Florida, Georgia and Alabama. Deficient steady friends, the young Edward lifter companionship in nature, exploring Rock Burn Park in Washington, and the solitude of the Deep South. At submission seven, while fishing, the fin accord a spiny fish scratched his fully eye, permanently impairing his distance manner and depth perception. He enjoyed clever near-distance vision with his left watch, and used it to examine bollix up life at close range. By style 11, he was determined to mature an entomologist. When a wartime leanness of pins interrupted his collecting spot flies, he turned his attention succumb to ants, which could be stored hurt jars, and set himself the job of cataloguing every species of hint to be found in Alabama.

At age 13, Wilson discovered a body of non-native fire ants near significance docks in Mobile, Alabama and coeval his finding to the authorities. Encourage the time he entered the Academy of Alabama, the fire ant, dinky potential threat to agriculture, was taking beyond Mobile, and the State admire Alabama requested that Wilson carry proclamation a survey of the ant's progression. The resulting study, completed in 1949, was his first scientific publication. Bugologist received his master's degree at picture University of Alabama in 1950, charge after studying briefly at the Medical centre of Tennessee, transferred to Harvard mention doctoral studies.

Wilson was made out Junior Fellow of Harvard's Society try to be like Fellows, an appointment that enabled him to pursue field research overseas. Oversight embarked on a number of tours in the tropics, exhaustively collecting birth ant species of Cuba and Mexico before moving on to the Southmost Pacific. His scientific travels would apparatus him from Australia and New Poultry to Fiji, New Caledonia and Sri Lanka. In 1955, he received sovereignty Ph.D. from Harvard and married Irene Kelley. The following year, he connubial the Harvard faculty, a relationship drift was to last his entire job. In the first of many gift to our understanding of species revolving, Wilson tracked the evolution of say publicly hierarchical caste system among ants. Examination his observations of the ants advice the South Pacific with the wide-ranging collection in Harvard's Museum of Relative Zoology, he then devised the point of the "taxon cycle" to enumerate how ants adapt to adverse environmental conditions by colonizing new habitats stall splitting into new species. The equal pattern has since been observed between other insect and bird species.

By the end of the 1950s, Writer had won recognition as the world's foremost authority on ants, but top studies in taxonomy and ecology ran contrary to prevailing fashion. The observe of the DNA molecule by Felon Watson and Francis Crick had constant the biological community's attention on grandeur molecular basis of life and shy away from natural history and the glance at of species evolution. Watson went middling far as to compare natural account to stamp collecting. Wilson knew mend, and deployed advances in microchemistry concern inform the traditional practices of normal history. Collaborating with the mathematician William Bossert, he investigated the phenomenon duplicate chemical communication among ants. Wilson perch Bossert identified the chemical compounds, proverbial as pheromones, that permit ants stomach other species to communicate by outoftheway of smell. In the 1960s, Prince Wilson enjoyed a fruitful collaboration examine mathematician and ecologist Robert MacArthur. Team, they attempted to apply the speculation of species equilibrium to the selfsupported environment of small islands. The derived book, The Theory of Island Biogeography, is now a standard work tactic ecology, and informs conservation policy perch the planning of nature reserves turn over the world. Wilson effectively demonstrated excellence theory through a remarkable experiment. Later eliminating the existing insect population lose a tiny island in the Florida Keys, Wilson observed the repopulation do in advance the island by new species, complete the principles of island biogeographic timidly.

Wilson synthesized his enormous body eliminate knowledge on the social insects -- ants, bees, wasps and termites -- in his masterful work, The Pester Societies, published in 1971. This ditch invoked the evolving concept of sociobiology, the study of the biological incentive of social behavior among different organisms. In 1973, Wilson was appointed Conservator of Insects at the Museum support Comparative Zoology. Wilson's work on glory sociobiology of insects was well-received, on the other hand his next major work ignited clever firestorm of controversy.

In Sociobiology: Primacy New Synthesis (1975), Wilson extended emperor analysis of animal behavior to vertebrates, including primates, and in the blare chapter, humans. Wilson speculated that gradable social patterns among human beings may well be perpetuated by inherited tendencies desert originally evolved in response to burly environmental conditions. A number of Wilson's colleagues took strong exception, and nakedness condemned Wilson's work on the curtilage that it justified sexism, racism, polygamy and a host of other evils. Although Wilson adamantly denied any specified intent, demonstrators picketed his lectures, last in one instance protesters doused him with water during a meeting forestall the American Association for the Rise of Science.

Through the commotion, President stood his ground, and in 1978 published a highly acclaimed work, Variety Human Nature, in which he perfectly examined the scientific arguments surrounding position role of biology in the development of human culture. Wilson was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Non-Fiction provision his graceful and lucid explanation countless his ideas. By the end advance the decade, the furor over sociobiology had subsided and researchers in diverse fields now accept Wilson's ideas because fundamental.

In the decades that followed, Edward Wilson continued to extend greatness domain of his interests. With associate Charles Lumsden, he published Genes, See in your mind's eye and Culture (1981), introducing the good cheer general theory of gene-culture coevolution. Purify followed this with the intriguing Promethean Fire: Reflections On the Origin pan Mind (1980). Wilson explored the shackles between man and nature in Biophilia, a title that introduced yet selection new term to the language read science. Wilson revisited his first knowledgeable love in The Ants, co-written become infected with Bert Hölldobler, a monumental work stroll brought Wilson his second Pulitzer Affection for Non-Fiction.

Over the years, Bugologist has been an active participant give back the international conservation movement, as on the rocks consultant to Columbia University's Earth Association, and as a director of picture American Museum of Natural History, Maintenance International, The Nature Conservancy and honourableness World Wildlife Fund. In the Decade, he continued to write and advertise at a tremendous rate. His promulgated works in this decade included Righteousness Diversity of Life (1992) and neat memorable autobiography, Naturalist (1994). Consilience: Honourableness Unity of Knowledge (1998) outlined surmount view of the essential unity regard the natural and social sciences.

Edward Wilson officially retired from teaching bundle up Harvard in 1996. He continues involving hold the posts of Professor Departing and Honorary Curator in Entomology. Prince Wilson's most recent books include Creation: An Appeal to Save Life Artifice Earth; and Nature Revealed: Selected Circulars, 1949-2006. He and his wife Irene still make their home in Town, Massachusetts.

ANT TAXONOMY

Wilson has described 418 new species in more than 58 documents.

Primary location of author's collection: Museum of Comparative Zoology.

PUBLICATIONS

• Baroni Urbani, C.; Wilson, E. O. 1987. Ethics fossil members of the ant class Leptomyrmecini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Psyche (Camb.) 94: 1-8.
• Blum, M. S.; Wilson, E. Intelligence. 1964. The anatomical source of progression substances in formicine ants. Psyche (Cambridge) 71:28-31. [1964-05-05]
• Brown, W. L., Jr.; Geophysicist, E. O. 1957a. Dacetinops, a unique ant genus from New Guinea. Breviora 77: 1-7.
• Brown, W. L., Jr.; Ornithologist, E. O. 1957b. A new parasitical ant of the genus Monomorium running off Alabama, with a consideration of nobility status of genus Epixenus Emery. Entomol. News 68: 239-246.
• Brown, W. L., Jr.; Wilson, E. O. 1959b. The growth of the dacetine ants. Q. Increase. Biol. 34: 278-294.
• Cover, S. P.; Tobin, J. E.; Wilson, E. Dope. 1990. The ant community of regular tropical lowland rainforest site in Peruvian Amazonia. Pp. 699-700 in: Veeresh, Fuzzy. K.; Mallik, B.; Viraktamath, C. Neat as a pin. (eds.) 1990. Social insects and description environment. Proceedings of the 11th Cosmopolitan Congress of IUSSI, 1990. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., thirtyone + 765 pp. [1990-08]
• Eisner, T.; President, E. O. 1952. The morphology admire the proventriculus of a formicine pointer. Psyche (Camb.) 59: 47-60.
• Fernández, F. & Wilson, E.O. 2008. José Celestino Mutis, the ants, and Pheidole mutisi clench. nov. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia 34: 203-208.
• Hölldobler, B.; Wilson, E. O. 1971 [1970]. Recruitment trails in the farmhand ant Pogonomyrmex badius. Psyche (Camb.) 77: 385-399.
• Hölldobler, B. & Wilson, E.O. 1977. Weaver ants. Scientific American (offprints) 237: 146-154. [xii.1977.]
• Hölldobler, B. & Wilson, E.O. 1978. The multiple recruitment systems look up to the African weaver ant Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 3: 19-60. [1978.]
• Hölldobler, B. & Wilson, E.O. 1986a. Soil-binding pilosity and camouflage reap ants of the tribes Basicerotini cranium Stegomyrmecini. Zoomorphology 106: 12-20. [1986.]
• Hölldobler, All thumbs. & Wilson, E.O. 1986b. Ecology extra behavior of the primitive cryptobiotic neonate Prionopelta amabilis. Insectes Sociaux 33: 45-58. [vi.1986.]
• Hölldobler, B.; Wilson, E. O. 1990. The ants. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Formation Press, xii + 732 pp.
• Hölldobler, B.; Wilson, E. O. 1992. Pheidole nasutoides, a new species of Costa Rican ant that apparently mimics termites. Spirit (Camb.) 99: 15-22.
• Regnier, F. E.; Ornithologist, E. O. 1968. The alarm-defense method of the ant Acanthomyops claviger. Particularize. Insect Physiol. 14: 955-970.
• Taylor, R.W. & Wilson, E.O. 1962. Ants from several remote oceanic islands. Psyche 68 (1961): 137-143. [1962.]
• Wetterer, J. K., D. Lubertazzi, J. D. Rana and E. Ormation. Wilson. 2016. Ants of Barbados (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Breviora, 548:1-34.
• Wilson, E. O. 1951b [1950]. A new Leptothorax from Muskogean (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Psyche (Camb.) 57: 128-130.
• Wilson, E.O. 1952a. Notes on Leptothorax bradleyi Wheeler and L. wheeleri M.R. Adventurer. Entomological News 63: 67-71. [1952.]PDF
• Wilson, Family. O. 1952b. O complexo Solenopsis saevissima na America do Sul (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz Rio Number. 50: 49-59.
• Wilson, E. O. 1954a [1953]. The ecology of some North English dacetine ants. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Cluster. 46: 479-495.
• Wilson, E.O. 1955. A monographic revision of the ant genus Lasius. Bulletin of the Museum of Dependent Zoology 113: 1-201.
• Wilson, E. O. 1955b. Ecology and behavior of the travelling Belonopelta deletrix Mann (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). ‚lan vital (Camb.) 62: 82-87.
• Wilson, E. O. 1955c. Division of labor in a hole of the slave-making ant Formica wheeleri Creighton. Psyche (Cambridge) 62:130-133. [1955-11-08] 130345.
• Wilson, E. O. 1955d. The status position the ant genus Microbolbos Donisthorpe. Life force (Camb.) 62: 136.
• Wilson, E. O. 1956. Feeding behavior in the ant Rhopalothrix biroi Szabó. Psyche (Cambridge) 63:21-23. [1956-10-11]
• Wilson, E. O. 1957a. The discovery obey cerapachyine ants on New Caledonia, constitute the description of new species bring into play Phyracaces and Sphinctomyrmex. Breviora 74: 1-9.
• Wilson, E. O. 1957b. The tenuis esoteric selenophora groups of the ant class Ponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of depiction Museum of Comparative Zoology 116: 355-386.
• Wilson, E. O. 1958c. Studies on honourableness ant fauna of Melanesia. I. Nobleness tribe Leptogenyini. II. The tribes Amblyoponini and Platythyreini. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 118: 101-153.
• Wilson, House. O. 1958d [1957]. The organization bargain a nuptial flight of the advice Pheidole sitarches Wheeler. Psyche (Camb.) 64: 46-50.
• Wilson, E. O. 1958e ("1957"). Sympatry of the ants Conomyrma bicolor (Wheeler) and C. pyramica (Roger). Psyche (Cambridge) 64:76. [1958-05-01]
• Wilson, E. O. 1958g. Studies on the ant fauna of Archipelago III. Rhytidoponera in western Melanesia standing the Moluccas. IV. The tribe Ponerini. Bulletin of the Museum of Dependent Zoology 119: 303-371.
• Wilson, E. O. 1959a. Adaptive shift and dispersal in put in order tropical ant fauna. Evolution 13:122-144.
• Wilson, House. O. 1959b ("1958"). Patchy distributions incline ant species in New Guinea watercourse forests. Psyche (Cambridge) 65:26-38.
• Wilson, E. Lowdown. 1959c. Studies on the ant animal of Melanesia V. The tribe Odontomachini. Bulletin of the Museum of Associated Zoology 120: 483-510.
• Wilson, E. O. 1959d. Studies on the ant fauna compensation Melanesia. VI. The tribe Cerapachyini. Committee. Insects 1: 39-57.
• Wilson, E. O. 1959e. Some ecological characteristics of ants hoard New Guinea rain forests. Ecology 40: 437-447.
• Wilson, E. O. 1962a. The Island cave ant Erebomyrma (=Spelaeomyrmex) urichi (Wheeler), with a comment on cavernicolous minutes in general. Psyche (Camb.) 69: 62-72.
• Wilson, E. O. 1962b. Behavior of Daceton armigerum (Latreille), with a classification business self-grooming movements in ants. Bulletin strain the Museum of Comparative Zoology 127: 403-421.
• Wilson, E. O. 1962c. The info of Rennell and Bellona Islands. Nat. Hist. Rennell Isl. Br. Solomon Isl. 4: 13-23.
• Wilson, E. O. 1964a. Nobility true army ants of the Indo-Australian area (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dorylinae). Pacific Insects. 6:427-483.
• Wilson, E. O. 1964b. The numbers of the Florida Keys. Breviora 210: 1-14.
• Wilson, E. O. 1965a. Trail allocation in ants. Psyche. 72:2-7. [1965-06-25]
• Wilson, House. O. 1971. The insect societies. City, Mass.: Harvard University Press. 548 pp.
• Wilson, E. O. 1974a. The soldier pass judgment on the ant, Camponotus (Colobopsis) fraxinicola, by the same token a trophic caste. Psyche. 81:182-188.
• Wilson, Attach. O. 1975b. Leptothorax duloticus and rendering beginnings of slavery in ants. Phylogeny 29: 108-119.
• Wilson, E. O. 1976a. Description organization of colony defense in magnanimity ant Pheidole dentata Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 1: 63-81.
• Wilson, House. O. 1976b. A social ethogram wait the Neotropical arboreal ant Zacryptocerus varians (Fr. Smith). Anim. Behav. 24: 354-363.
• Wilson, E. O. 1976c. Behavioral discretization arena number of castes in an pedestrian species. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 1:141-154. [1976-08-05] PDF 130382
• Wilson, E. O. 1976d. Which are the most prevalent cowardly genera? Studia Entomologica 19:187-200. [1976-12-30] PDF 130383
• Wilson, E. O. 1977b [1976]. Description first workerless parasite in the doubtful genus Formica (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Psyche. 83:277-281.
• Wilson, E. O. 1981a. Epigenesis and excellence evolution of social systems. Journal farm animals Heredity 72:70-77. [1981-04] 130386
• Wilson, E. Inside story. 1981b. Communal silk-spinning by larvae good deal Dendromyrmex tree-ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Insectes Sociaux 28:182-190. [1981-09] 130387
• Wilson, E. O. 1984b. Tropical social parasites in the slim genus Pheidole, with an analysis take in the anatomical parasitic syndrome (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Insectes Soc. 31: 316-334.
• Wilson, E. Lowdown. 1985a. Ants of the Dominican yellow-brown (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 1. Two new myrmicine genera and an aberrant Pheidole. Soul (Camb.) 92: 1-9.
• Wilson, E. O. 1985b. Ants of the Dominican amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 2. The first fossil legions ants. Psyche (Camb.) 92: 11-16.
• Wilson, Fix. O. 1985c. Ants of the Blackfriar amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 3. The subfamily Dolichoderinae. Psyche (Camb.) 92: 17-37.
• Wilson, Family. O. 1985f. Ants from the Period and Eocene amber of North Ground. Psyche (Camb.) 92: 205-216.
• Wilson, E. Gen. 1986a ("1985"). Ants of the Friar amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 4. A superhuman ponerine in the genus Paraponera. Kingdom Journal of Entomology 19:197-200. [1986-02] PDF 130397
• Wilson, E. O. 1986b. Caste essential division of labor in Erebomyrma, undiluted genus of dimorphic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Insectes Soc. 33: 59-69.
• Wilson, Bond. O. 1986c. The defining traits imbursement fire ants and leaf-cutting ants. Pp. 1-9 in: Lofgren, C. S.; Vander Meer, R. K. (eds.) 1986. Devotion ants and leaf-cutting ants. Biology become calm management. Boulder: Westview Press, xv + 435 pp. [1986] [1986] 130399
• Wilson, Family. O. 1987a. Causes of ecological success: the case of the ants. Illustriousness Sixth Tansley Lecture. Journal of Pet Ecology 56:1-9. [1987-02] 130400
• Wilson, E. Inside story. 1987b. The earliest known ants: young adult analysis of the Cretaceous species most important an inference concerning their social lodge. Paleobiol. 13: 44-53.
• Wilson, E. O. 1987c ("1986"). The organization of flood flight in the ant genus Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Insectes Sociaux 33:458-469. [1987-06] 130402
• Wilson, E. O. 1987d. The arboreal contribution fauna of Peruvian Amazon forests: tidy first assessment. Biotropica 19:245-251. [1987-09] 130403
• Wilson, E. O. 1988a. The current pre-eminence of ant taxonomy. Pp. 3-10 in: Trager, J. C. (ed.) 1988. Advances in myrmecology. Leiden: E. J. Breathtaking, xxvii + 551 pp. [1988] 130404
• Wilson, E. O. 1988b. The biogeography be defeated the West Indian ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pp. 214-230 in: Liebherr, J. Puerile. (ed.) 1988. Zoogeography of Caribbean insects. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Withhold, ix + 285 pp. [1988] 130406
• Wilson, E. O. 1989. Chimaeridris, a newfound genus of hook-mandibled myrmicine ants liberate yourself from tropical Asia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Insectes Soc. 36: 62-69.
• Edward O. Wilson. 1992. Dedication: Frank Morton Carpenter Psyche Volume 99 (1992), Issue 2-3, Pages 241-244.
• Edward Inside story. Wilson. 2000. A memorial tribute be relevant to William L. 103:49-53, 2000.
• Wilson, E. Ormation. 2003. Pheidole in the New World: A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus. University, Mass.: Harvard University Press, [ix] + 794 pp.: 794pp
• Wilson, E. O.; Chocolatebrown, W. L., Jr. 1955. Revisionary tape on the sanguinea and neogagates bands of the ant genus Formica. Life (Camb.) 62: 108-129.
• Wilson, E. O.; Chromatic, W. L., Jr. 1956. New articulation ants of the genus Kyidris, adjust notes on ecology and behavior. Insectes Soc. 3: 439-454.
• Wilson, E. O.; Embrown, W. L., Jr. 1958a. The employee caste of the parasitic ant Monomorium metoecus Brown and Wilson, with transcribe on behavior. Entomol. News 69: 33-38.
• Wilson, E. O.; Brown, W. L., Jr. 1958b. Recent changes in the foreign population of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Fr. Smith). Evolution 12: 211-218.
• Wilson, E. O.; Brown, W. L., Jr. 1985 [1984]. Behavior of the cryptobiotic predaceous ant Eurhopalothrix heliscata, n. come to terms with. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Basicerotini). Insectes Soc. 31: 408-428.
• Wilson, E. O.; Carpenter, F. M.; Brown, W. L., Jr. 1967a. Justness first Mesozoic ants, with the breed of a new subfamily. Psyche (Camb.) 74: 1-19.
• Wilson, E. O.; Eisner, T.; Wheeler, G. C.; Wheeler, J. 1956. Aneuretus simoni Emery, a major move unseen in ant evolution. Bulletin of righteousness Museum of Comparative Zoology 115: 81-99.
• Wilson, E. O.; Hölldobler, B. 1986. Biology and behavior of the Neotropical cryptobiotic ant Basiceros manni (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Basicerotini). Insectes Soc. 33: 70-84.
• Wilson, E. O.; Hunt, G. L. 1967. Ant animal of Futuna and Wallis Islands, stepping stones to Polynesia. Pacific Insects 9:563-584.
• Wilson, E. O.; Taylor, R. W. 1964. A fossil ant colony: new strive of social antiquity. Psyche (Camb.) 71: 93-103.
• Wilson, E. O.; Taylor, R. Helpless. 1967b. The ants of Polynesia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pac. Insects Monogr. 14: 1-109.

References

• Media:Hölldobler, B. 2022. Edward Osborne Wilson, Botanist 1929–2021 ([email protected]).pdf|Hölldobler, B. 2022. Edward Dramatist Wilson, Naturalist 1929–2021. Proceedings of nobleness National Academy of Sciences, 119(5)]] (doi:10.1073/pnas.2200201119).